Studs are cylindrical fasteners with threads on both ends, widely used in power, chemical, oil refining and other fields. Common standards include GB897A, GB898B, GB900B, etc. Studs are usually made of carbon steel or alloy steel, such as Q235, 45#, 40Cr, 35CrMoA, etc. The specifications and lengths of studs can be customized according to actual needs. The surface treatment of studs is varied, including hot-dip galvanizing, chrome plating, nickel plating, etc.